The post-independence history of Burundi until 2005 has been largely marked by violent conflict and genocide, the numerous legacies of which continue to cast their shadow over Burundian society. The peacebuilding process remains a fragile one. Nonetheless, since the end of the civil war, Burundians at all levels have been rebuilding their individual and family lives as well as those of their communities. This study, which is part of a wider four-country research project, seeks to highlight some of these processes and possible lessons that can be drawn from them. A summary of our findings from Burundi and three other countries (Colombia, Nepal and Uganda) is available in our report, Re-thinking gender in peacebuilding.